1. Introduction

As factories and warehouses accelerate toward Industry 4.0, Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) have become the core of intelligent intralogistics.
Whether used for material transport, picking, or automated production flows, AMRs rely heavily on high-performance lithium battery systems that ensure long runtime, rapid charging, and long-term safety.

Indoor AMR mobile chassis—such as small-to-medium load AGVs, shelf-moving robots, and autonomous towing platforms—require robust, intelligent energy solutions optimized for continuous 24/7 operation.

With over 26 years of lithium battery manufacturing experience, PKNERGY provides fully customized Li-ion, LiPo, and LiFePO4 battery solutions for AMR manufacturers, system integrators, project managers, and R&D engineers.

2. Power Requirements of Indoor AMR Mobile Chassis

Compared with consumer robots or short-duty industrial tools, indoor AMR platforms impose much higher demands on their battery systems.

2.1 Continuous Operation with Minimal Downtime

Indoor AMRs often operate in:

• Three-shift factories
• 24/7 warehouse operations
• E-commerce fulfillment centers

This requires battery packs that provide:

• Long cycle life and excellent durability
• High charging efficiency
• Fast or opportunity charging
• Stable output for motors, sensors, SLAM, and computing units

2.2 High Power Output for Mobility Systems

Indoor AMR chassis typically include:

• Direct-drive brushless motors
• Steering modules
• Lifting or elevating mechanisms
• Onboard computing and navigation systems

To support these systems, the battery pack must deliver high discharge current, low internal resistance, and a very stable voltage platform.

2.3 Compact Size and Lightweight Structure

Indoor AMRs are often used in narrow aisles and low-clearance environments, with strict payload limits:

• Compact chassis designs
• Limited installation space for the battery
• Weight constraints to maximize effective payload

Lithium batteries significantly outperform lead-acid and NiMH batteries in gravimetric and volumetric energy density, making them ideal for such compact platforms.

2.4 Safety and Reliability in Indoor Environments

AMRs work around people, shelves, and production lines. This raises stringent safety and reliability demands:

• Overcharge / over-discharge protection
• Over-temperature and overcurrent protection
• Short-circuit protection
• Good thermal stability
• Compliance with CE, UN38.3, IEC standards

2.5 Battery Life and Maintenance Cost

OEMs and end users typically expect:

• >2,000 cycles for LiFePO4 systems
• >800–1,500 cycles for high-energy Li-ion systems
• Low failure rate in fleet operation
• Intelligent monitoring via BMS and fleet platforms

A long-life, low-failure-rate battery system significantly reduces the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of AMR fleets and improves project ROI.

3. PKNERGY Battery Solutions for Indoor AMR Robots

PKNERGY designs dedicated battery packs for indoor AMR platforms, carefully balancing power, endurance, safety, and charging performance to match each application scenario.

3.1 Battery Chemistry Options

We offer multiple cell chemistries tailored to different AMR chassis types:

LiFePO4 (LFP) — Reliability & Long Cycle Life

• 2000–4000 cycles (typical)
• Stable voltage platform
• Excellent thermal stability and high safety
• Ideal for heavy-duty AMRs and 24/7 operations

NCM Li-ion — High Energy Density

• Higher energy density vs. LFP (up to 3×)
• More compact and lighter battery packs
• Suitable for small agile robots requiring maximum runtime

LiPo — Slim & Custom-Shaped Packs

• Ultra-flexible form factor to match low-profile chassis
• Lightweight design
• Excellent discharge performance for dynamic motion

3.2 Custom Voltage & Capacity Configurations

Typical AMR system voltages include:

• 24 V (7S / 8S)
• 36 V (10S)
• 48 V (13S / 15S)

PKNERGY supports:

• 8S–15S custom pack configurations
• 10 Ah–120 Ah usable capacity
• Continuous discharge 1C–5C (depending on motor load)
• Peak discharge up to 10C for acceleration and lifting

3.3 Smart BMS with CAN / RS485 / UART

Our smart BMS integrates seamlessly with AMR controls and fleet platforms:

• CAN bus communication for real-time data
• SOC / SOH monitoring
• Comprehensive voltage, current, and temperature protection
• Cell balancing and fault reporting

Optional features:

• Bluetooth app monitoring
• Heating film for low-temperature environments
• GPS / Wi-Fi modules for asset tracking

3.4 Fast Charging & Opportunity Charging

PKNERGY indoor AMR batteries support:

• Up to 1C fast charging
• Opportunity charging during short docking intervals
• Typical full charge in 2–3 hours

This enables AMRs to maintain high availability across multiple shifts with minimal downtime.

3.5 Robust Structural & Safety Design

Each battery is engineered to withstand harsh industrial conditions:

• Vibration-resistant internal structure
• Fire-resistant casing materials
• IP54–IP67 enclosure options
• Anti-collision and shock protection
• Optional metal or ABS housings

Additional options:

• Customized battery trays and rails
• Magnetic docking interfaces
• High-current industrial connectors

3.6 Certification & Compliance

Our battery packs can be designed to meet:

• UN38.3 transport testing
• MSDS documentation
• CE certification
• IEC62133-based design
• UL-standard cell sourcing

This ensures safe and compliant shipment of AMR battery systems worldwide.

Feature Snapshot: Indoor AMR Battery Packs

4. Technical Advantages for AMR Manufacturers

4.1 26 Years of Process-Controlled Manufacturing

PKNERGY ensures:

• Cell pairing with <3 mV difference
• Strict aging and cycling test procedures
• 100% inspection of voltage, internal resistance, and safety features

This guarantees batch consistency, which is critical for AMR fleets that require interchangeable packs.

4.2 Deep Experience in Industrial & Robotics Batteries

We have supplied energy systems to:

• Industrial AGVs
• Patrol and security robots
• Warehouse AMRs
• Indoor SLAM robots
• Service robots

Our experience helps us understand torque profiles, duty cycles, and peak current demands for different AMR applications.

4.3 OEM / ODM Support

PKNERGY offers full customization:

• Mechanical design of battery packs and trays
• BMS programming and protocol adaptation
• Harness and connector design
• Logo, label, and packaging customization
• Typical sample lead time: 7–15 days

4.4 High Safety & Low Failure Rate

Industrial-grade design ensures:

• Targeted failure rate <0.01%
• Multi-level protections at cell, pack, and system levels
• Use of top-brand A-grade cells only

4.5 Cost-Effective Mass Production

For large-scale AMR projects, PKNERGY provides:

• Stable supply chain and long-term partnerships
• 18+ years of export experience
• Competitive pricing for volume orders
• Fast, repeatable production cycles

5. Typical Indoor AMR Application Cases

5.1 Shelf-Carrying AMRs for Warehouses

Demand:

• Long runtime to support continuous picking operations
• High-power output for lifting mechanisms
• Accurate SOC for fleet scheduling

PKNERGY Solution:

• 48 V 40 Ah LiFePO4 battery pack
• 100 A continuous BMS with CAN communication
• Fast charging capability

5.2 Line-Following Material Transport Robots

Demand:

• Long cycle life covering repetitive path operations
• Stable voltage for motor drivers and controllers

PKNERGY Solution:

• 24 V 60 Ah NCM Li-ion pack
• IP54-rated sealed structure
• Optimized internal resistance for higher efficiency

5.3 Indoor Autonomous Towing Vehicles

Demand:

• High peak current for towing startup
• Strong vibration resistance during movement

PKNERGY Solution:

• 36 V 50 Ah LiFePO4 pack
• 10C peak discharge capability
• Metal casing with anti-vibration design

6. Why AMR Manufacturers Choose PKNERGY

• ✔ 26 years of battery manufacturing experience
• ✔ 18 years of export experience
• ✔ Strong R&D team for AMR / AGV OEM & ODM projects
• ✔ Intelligent BMS options: CAN, RS485, SMBus
• ✔ A-grade LiFePO4 and NCM cells only
• ✔ Fast sample time and reliable lead time
• ✔ Excellent cost-performance ratio for industrial customers

PKNERGY is not just a battery supplier—we are your engineering partner for AMR robot power systems and industrial automation energy solutions.

7. FAQ: Indoor AMR Battery Systems